Pump and valve assembly



y 1954 w. c. ANTHONY EI'AL PUMP AND VALVE ASSEMBLY Filed May 7, 1951 4Sheets-Sheet l Jfzfarn eyo' July 27, 1954 w. c. ANTHONY ETAL 2,684,631

PUMP AND VALVE ASSEMBLY Filed May 7, 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 7 I T15 16 2111 a 25 7 14 20 17 J) 29 a I i Q: 18 m Ill/l 4 I I I28 :5 I ix 1/ a 34-2 7 4f 2/ y .Zfivenfar Zfli/Zzam C. Jnzony Glen Sfar an.

IIXZ arneyJ y 27, 954 w. c. ANTHONY ETAL 2,684,631

PUMP AND VALVE ASSEMBLY Filed May 7, 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 231??? zoi"Zl/i/Zz'aw C. .lizfony 6 (e74 2? 5. Park y 1954 w. c. ANTHONY ETAL ,68

PUMP AND VALVE ASSEMBLY Filed May 7, 1951 4 Sheet s-Sheet 4 59 5? re 7 4E91] jzevenzars Z'i/Zfam (14 72525023 5 7 5 9 I fiffarneys Patented July27, 1954 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE William 0. Anthony and Glenn S.Park, Streator, 111;; said Park assignor' to said Anthony A plicationMay 7; 1951, Serial No. 224,853

20' Claims. 1

This invention relates to a pum and has for one object to provide a pumpand pump control.

It has for another object to provide controlling means which may beassociated with a pump, which controlling means may be readily operatedfrom the outside of the pump.

Another object is to provide a rotating valve in connection with a pumpwhich may be readily operated from a point external from the valvehousing.

Another object is to provide a controlling valve in connection with agear pump and to provide a valveso arranged that it is substantiallybalanced and may be freely and readily operated.

Other objects will appear from time to time throughout thevspecification and claims.

The invention is illustrated more or less diagrammatically in theaccompanying. drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a sectional view through the pump illustrating parts. insection and parts in elevation;.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section taken at line 22 of Figure 1;

Figure. 3'is an elevation of thevalve operating member removedfrom thepump housing andassociated parts;

Figure 4 is a transverse sectional view'taken at line 4 iof Figure 1;

Figure 5 is an outside end elevation in" a reduced'scale;

Figure 5 is a. sectional detail taken on line 6-6 of FigureZ;

Figure 7 is a sectional detail taken-at line1--'| of Figure'z Figure 8is a similar view showing thevalve ina different position of adjustment;and

Figure 9 is a front view of the inner pump hous ing member.

Figure 10 is a sectional View showing a modification of the device inwhich the valve assembly, although generally similar to that shownin'the earlier figures, is contained in ahousing separate from the pump;

Figure 11 is a section taken at line llll of Figure 10;

Figure 1.2is a transverse section taken'at line 12-42 of Figure 10; and

Figure 13 is a diagrammatic plan view showing the separate valve housingincircuit'in'a system which includes a pump.

Figure 14 is a sectional detail,- one reduced scale, showing a modifiedform of pump shaft construction.

Like parts are indicated by like characters throughout thespeciflcationand the drawings;

The pump comprises a housing, a pair of meshing gears, a valve assemblyand valve operating means. The housing includes generally a central orinner member in which the gears are positioned, and two side plateswhich close the housing and which, with the central member, form thefull pump housing. I is a central or inner pump housing member. and 9,this member is shaped to provide two main gear retaining cavities 2 and3. It is shaped also to provide an inlet or low-pressure passage 4 andan outlet or high-pressure passage 5. It may be widened as at 6 toprovide a plate-like extension by means of which the pump maybe attachedand, if desired, it may be provided, intermediate thatpart whichcontains the gears and the enlargement 6, with a reduced portion 1within which the controlling valve is located.

The passage 815 formed between the inlet passage 4 and the outletpassage 5-. One side of the housing I is closed by a cover plate orcom;- parable member 9, which may be enlarged at It], and is generallyheld removably in place upon the member I by screws II or otherwise. Thememher 9 is provided with cavities suitable to receive the shafts orother members upon which the gears are supported.

Within the member 1, as above mentioned, is a cavity adapted toreceive'and support a combined check and relief valve and the'controlstherefor. This valve includesa cage 12 positioned within the upper ordischarge outlet of the upper or highpressure passage 5. As shown; thecage is provided with an inwardly bent lower or inner end !3 which formsaseat for a ball M; A spring l5 bears at one end against the ball andat-the other on a' pin l6 which extends across the cage. The spring isbiased to hold the ball seated.

Positioned within the passage 8, which extends from the intake orlow-pressure side 4 to the 'high-pressure side 5 of thepump housing, isa'valvemember ll. This is a-generally flat member and it is shaped asshown particularly in Figures? and 8 with two perforations or openings i3, l8'=form'ed through it.

A valve and a valve shifting member are positioned in line withthespaces or perforations i8 and in line with the-valve member IT. Thevalve member itself is of butterfly shape, as shown particularlyinFi'gures 6 and 8, and comprises two oppositely placed segmental valvemembers I'9, l9 which are of equal size and are preferably integral withthe valve shifter shaft 29. This shaft is-provided with an enlargedbearing portion 21 positioned'intermediate itsends, and with a reduced:and flattened or cut-away part 22.

As shown in Figures 2 Positioned opposite the part 22 is a raisedrounded portion 23 which is concentric with the shaft and with the axisof rotation of the valve portions I9.

As shown in Figure 2, the valve portions is are positioned in contactwith the valve member I! and in contact with the surface of theperforation or opening 18. The bearing portion ft of the shaft 26 isreceived in a bearing 2 fixed in an opening in the housing portion 1,Suitable sealing members 25 and 26 are positioned to seal the bearing orbushing 26. The member 25 is in contact with the housing I and member 28is in contact with the bearing portion 2!. Sealing means of anydesirable type may be provided exteriorly of the bearing portion 2:. Asshown in Figure 2, these means comprise a number of packing glands,washers and the like, designated generally by the numeral 21. Theinvention is obviously not limited to any particular sealing means inthis respect.

An operating lever or handle 28 is positioned upon the outer or free endof the shaft is and may be secured thereto by a pin is or otherwise. Asecond cover plate 36 is positioned on the opposite side of the pumphousing by screws 3! or otherwise, and this cover plate is perforated topermit the passage of a driving shaft.

As Shown in detail in Figure 1, a driving shaft 32 passes through aportion 33 of the cover plate and is fixed to a gear 35. Ananti-friction bearing 35 is positioned about shaft 32 with any suitablecavity 36 formed within the cover plate 30. Packing and equivalent means31 are positioned about the shaft 32 within a cavity 38 formed in linewith and exteriorly of the cavity 36. At its opposite end, the shaft 32is received in a suitable bearing formed in the cover plate 9. Thisconstruction is indicated diagrammatically at 38 in Figure 1. Theinvention is, of course, not limited to the particular details ofbearings or bearing supporting means, and any suitable gear constructionand gear journalling and driving means may be used without departingfrom the spirit of the invention.

A second gear at is in mesh with the gear 34 and is carried on a shaft Hwhich, at one end, is supported in a suitable bearing carried by thecover plate 9 and, at the opposite end, is supported in a suitablebearing covered by the cover plate 39.

Preferably integral with the cover plate 35, there is formed a pressurerelief assembly. This includes, as shown generally in Figures 1 and 4, apassage 42 in communication with the inlet or suction chamber 4 of thepump housing, and a second passage 43 in communication with the outletor high-pressure passage 5 of the pump housing. The pump housing memberis suitably ported at 64 and 45 to provide communication between thepassages 32 and d4, respectively, and the passages 43 and 55,respectively. The outer or discharge end of the passage 43 is tapered orotherwise shaped as at MS to provide a seat for a ball-check valve 4?.

A piston it is positioned to bear against the ball i! and to control theflow of fluid from the passage d3 into the passage d2. This piston 48 isheld in contact with the ball El and the latter is normally held closedby a spring as which bears at one end against the inner face of thebypass piston 48 and, at the other end, bears against the adjustableplug 56. This plug is threaded and is adjustably received in acorresponding threaded opening in the extension 5i, which is 4preferably integral with the cover plate 30. The bypass valve 58 may beexteriorly grooved or cut away as at 52 and a perforation or passage 53passes from the cut-away portion 52 to the interior of the valve member48.

To permit a rearrangement of the relative position of the pump housingand the cover plates to compensate for a difference in the direction ofrotation of a power take-off or other drive, certain passages and ducts,additional to those above described and corresponding to them, arepresent, both in the pump housing I and the cover plate 30. In Figure 4,the passages 42 and 43 appear in full lines and are connected topassages as and 45, respectively, which are in communication with thelow pressure side t and the high-pressure side 5 of the housing. Forcertain purposes which will be described more fully below, it isdesirable to reverse the cover plates from the position shown in Figures1 and 4. When that reversal is made, the cover plate 9 is positioned onthe left side of the pump housing l and the cover plate 30 is positionedon the right side of the pump housing I. The use of the words, right,and left, in the sentence just above applies to the showing of thedevice as they appear in Figures 2 and 4.

To permit this reversal of cover plates and to insure the properconnection of the pressure relief assembly with the highand low-pressuresides of the pump, a branch 52 is connected to the passage 42 andinclined downwardly. It enters or is in communication with the passage42 through an opening 42 Similarly an inclined branch 13 is positionedgenerally below the plane of the passage 53. It is in communication withthe passage 43 through the opening 43 Communicating respectively withthe highand low-pressure sides 5 and 5 of the pump housing I arepassages 44 and 45 These members or passages are positioned, as shown inFigure 9, below the corresponding passages M and 45.

When the parts are assembled as shown in Figure 4, the branch passages42 and 43 are inactive. They are below the passages 44 and 45 and aresealed off. When the parts are reversed so that the cover plate 39 is onthe right-hand side of the housing I and the cover plate 9 is on theleft-hand side of the housing i, the passages id and E5 are sealed bythe cover plate 9 and the outer ends of the passages 42 and 43 aresealed by their contact with an imperforate portion of the pump housing.The branch passages 42 and 453 are then in communication with thepassages or openings 64 and 35 of the pump housing I. Thus, whether thecover plate 30 be on the lefthand side of the pump housing I as shown inFigure 4, or be reversed and attached to the righthand side of thehousing I, the passage 42 is always in communication with thelow-pressure side l of the housing and the passage 43 is always incommunication with the high-pressure side 5 of the pump to permitpressure relief when necessary by movement of the ball 4'1 away from theseat 48 and by movement of the valve 48 out of the position shown inFigure 4, in which it blocks the flow of fluid in the outlet directionfrom the passage 43 to the passage 32.

Generally speaking, the valve assembly as shown in Figures 10 to 13,inclusive, comprises the same control valve shown in the earlierfigures. In the earlier figures, the control valve is mounted in asuitable cavity or chamber formed in the pump housing, and the othervalve is also positioned in a cavity formed in the pump housing. In theform of Figures 1-0 to '13, these valves operate as they do in theearlier form. They are, however, merely enclosed in a separate housingwhich may be any place in the-pump system.

4-9 is a housing provided with a passage 50 through it. This passage isthreaded at each end, as at 5| and 52. Conduits 53 and 54 arepositioned, respectively, in the threaded portions 5| and 52; Theconduit 54 may be connected to a pump housing 55. The flow of liquid tothe pump will be generally in the direction of the arrow shown in theconduits 5'3 and '54. A second conduit- 55 is, connected with the pump55 and comprises an outlet or high pressure path. The conduit 56 isconnected to a threaded opening 51 formed in the valvehousing 49. Aconduit 58 is connected to the housing 49 and comprises the outletconduit or path for high pressure fluid. The direction of flow of thehigh pressure fluid is indicated by the arrows on the conduits 5B and58, as shown in Figure 13.

The valve housing 49 thus contains a low pressure chamber or passage 50and a high pressure chamber or passage 59. Between these chambers is apassage 60' which may be closed. This passage 60' is comparable to thepassage 8' as shown in Figure 2 and is closed by a valve which isidenti'cal' with the valve [9 of the earlier figures. Since this controlvalve is identical in both forms of the invention, the same referencenumerals are applied to it in both forms and it is not red'escribedherewith. Ordinarily, this valve is interchangeable so that it may beapplied to a device as shown in Figure 2 in which the valve is assembledin the same housing as that in which the pump is positioned or-to adevice in which the pump is in one housinga'nd'the valve in another, asshown in Figures 10 to 13, inclusive. The valve, the sealing means andthe valve operating means are all the samein all forms of the figures.The opening or passage 60 is partially closed by a plate 6'! which isprovided with a plurality of perforations or openings 62. The platecorresponds to the plate ll of Figure 2 and the openings 62, 52correspond to the openings t8 of Figures 7 and 8, in particular.

Positioned also within the housing 49 is an outlet ball check valveidentical with the outlet ball check valve shown in Figure 2. Since theparts are identical and their function is identical, they areinterchangeable and the same reference numerals are. applied to the sameparts in both figures and they are not redescribed'herewith. The cage i2is positioned in the outlet or high pressure passage of the housing 49with which the-conduit 58 is in communication.

Where the control valve is mounted in a separate housing, a pressurerelief system may be applied, and it is generally the same as that shownin the earlier figures. It comprises a ball check valve 63 positioned tobe seated in a tapered seat 64 which communicates with a passage 55. Thepassage 65 is in communication with the high pressure chamber 59; Thetapered seat 54 comprises an enlargement of the passage 55 and thetapered portion communicates with a cylindrical cavity 56 within whichis positioned a pistonlike member 6?. The ba'11,63 bears against theclosed end of the member 67, and a spring v68 is positioned within themember 61' and bears at one end against the closed'partof'that' member,and at the other end bears against an adjustably positioned "closingplug 69, which latter is received in a threaded seat 19 formed in'asuit- I able portion or extension of the housing 49. A

peripheral groove '1 I may be formed in the member 51 and may beprovided with a perforation 1-2 communicating with the interior of themember 51. A passage 13 communicates with the cylindrical chamber '66and finally communicates with the low pressure chamber 50. This pressurerelief assembly, including the ball check valve 63 and the member 61, issubstantially the same as the corresponding members shown in the earlierfigures, such as the ball 41, the piston 48 and the passages which leadto the chamber in which the piston is positioned.

Although we have shown an operative formof our invention, it will berecognized that many changes in the form, shape and arrangement of partscan be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and ourshowing is therefore to be taken as, in a sense, diagrammatic.

The use and operation of this invention are as follows:

With the parts assembled as shown, the pump will be positioned on a baseor support of any suitable construction and will be associated withdriving means. Frequently a pump of the type disclosed will bepositioned on an automotive vehicl'e where hydraulically actuatedequipment is present. This may include tipping or elevating devicesactuated by hydraulic piston and cylinder assemblies. If that is thecase, the pump will be connected to such a device and will normally beoperated by the engine of the vehicle. This type of use and associationis mentioned merely as being typical of one use for which the pump ofthe present invention is adapted.

It is adapted also for many other uses. However used, it will beconnected to a mechanism intended to be operated by hydraulic fluidunder pressure and the shaft 32 will be driven, With the shaft beingdriven in the direction of the arrow of Figure 2, the gear 34, ofcourse, rotates with it, and the gear 45 in mesh with the gear 34rotates in the opposite direction, as indicated by the arrow on theshaft 4|. Fluid is thus carried by the gears from the low-pressure side4 to the high-pressure side 5. For normal operation, the valve member l9will be closed in the position of Figure 7. As pressure builds up on thehigh-pressure side, it will displace the ball l4 against the resistanceof the spring I 5 and highpressure fluid will be discharged through thecage l2 and to the point of use. When for any reason pressure on thehigh pressure side falls sufiiciently, the ball M will be reseated bythe spring 15.

Pressure relief means are also provided in the system. One purpose of apressure relief means is to prevent the development of excessivepressures. The structure illustrated in plan in Figure 4, and shown alsoin Figure l, is concerned primarily with the pressure relief mechanism.The cover plate 36' contains the passages 42 and 43. These passages, bymeans of one or the other of the passages 4t and #35, are connectedrespectively with the low-pressure chamber or side 4 of the pump and thehigh-pressure chamber or side 5.,

The plug 59 is adjusted to give the desired pressure to the spring 49.Obviously, springs of various sizes might be used and, in that event,the adjustment is accomplished by selecting the proper spring ratherthan by adjusting the plug 59. In either event however, the parts arechosen or adjusted to apply,,to the plunger 48, the right degree ofresistance'to movement in the outward direction. The plunger in theclosed position,

as shown in Figure 4, closes the passage 42 and bears against the ball47. Upon the occurrence of pressure above a predetermined maximum in thehigh-pressure side 5, the ball check valve all will be moved outwardlyfrom the seat 15 and will move the plug it against resistance of thespring 49 and, thus, the passage 353 is opened and high-pressure fluidmay be bypassed through the passage Q3 and the passage 32 to thelowpressure side i of the pump.

As long as power is thereafter applied to the pump, it may continue togenerate the maximum pressure and the bypass may remain open. Thisoperation would be satisfactory for relatively short periods with theball alone but, should it be necessary to continue pump operation atspeeds suiiicient to generate the maximum pressure, excessive heating ofthe fluid within the pump may develop. For this reason, the plunger typevalve G8 is necessary. The plunger or trunk type valve, in addition tothe ball valve, comprises a diiferential piston. It is to be understoodthat the plunger 43 might be omitted and the spring is shaped to beardirectly upon the ball 3?. In that case, the pressure relief valve wouldbe a simple or conventional ball check relief valve. The addition to theball valve of the plunger t8 produces a difierential piston action. Theball comprises a primary valve and is held against its seat by thecompression of the spring. The area of the ball exposed to pressurewithin the passage 33 is considerably less than the cross sectional areaof the cavity within the valve 33 is positioned. If the spring be soproportioned that the ball will be lifted from its seat at apredetermined pressure of 12 pounds per square inch, it will be foundthat, after it has been lifted by this pressure, the pressure flowsaround the displaced ball and contacts the secondary valve member, theplunger (it. This piston or plunger valve is moved outwardly against thecompression of the spring as and, because its exposed area is severaltimes greater than that of the ball on the seat opening, the plungerwill be held open by a pressure which is substantially less than thatrequired to open the ball. Thus, the pump may continue to operate and torun at almost idling speed and, after the valve 43 has once beenunseated by pressure, the pressure will continue to be relieved withoutthe necessity of high-pressure generation, and the pump may operate atvery low pressure.

A main controlling means comprises the valve assembly shown generally inFigure 2, and illustrated in part in Figures 6, 7 and 8. When the valveoperating means are in the position of Figure 2, which is the positionfor delivery of fluid, under pressure, outwardly through the valve cagel2 the projection 23 is out of contact with the ball ill and theposition of the projection 23 is thus different from that which itoccupies in Figure 6, which is the position for the return of fluidinwardly through the valve cage i2. In Figure 2, the ball, to somedegree, projects within the flattened or cut-away portion 22 of theshaft 26. This is the position, also shown in Figure 7, in which thevalve parts is wholly cover the ports or openings ES and, thus,completely block the passage 8 and prevent the bypassing of pressurefluid from the high-pressure side to the low-pressure side of the pump.

If now it becomes desirable to permit bypassing of fluid from thehigh-pressure side to the low-pressure side, the shaft 29 is rotated bythe handle 23. A slight movement from the position of Figure 7 willpartially open the ports 18 and a considerable movement in the openingdirection may occur before the enlargement 23 contacts the ball. Thus,the first movement of the shaft 23 from the position of Figure 2 towardthat of Figure 5 will open or uncover the ports hi to some degreewithout contacting the ball. Ordinarily, the ball itself will be raisedfrom its seat by pressure on the high-pressure side at the time when thevalve 19 is to be moved to uncover the ports. The only time when this isnot the case is when the pump has stopped operation or not operating atmaximum speed and it is desirable to open the ball 54 to permit fluid toreturn to the pump from a cylinder or other mechanism into which it hasbeen previously forced.

In any event, as the movement of the shaft 20 is continued to bring theprojection or raised portion 23 from the downward position of Figure 2to the upper position of Figure 6, the member 23 presently comes incontact with the ball 14 and raises it from its seat. As shown in Figure6, the ball is fully raised from its seat. Since the ball contactingsurface of the member 23 is arcuate and is concentric with the axis ofrotation of the shaft 23, the ball will be fully raised from the seatfor many positions of adjustment of the shaft 29. It is possible, byadjusting the shaft, to raise the ball it from its seat fully, as shownin Figure 6, when the ports i8 are closed and, by a different adjustmentof the shaft 20, it is possible to raise and hold the ball 14 out ofcontact with the seat when the ports 83 are wholly or partiallyuncovered. The member 23, as shown in Figure 6, projects into the cagel2. This is due to the fact that this member is of greater diameter thanthe shaft portion 26 or the enlarged portion 2 i. It projects outwardlybeyond either of these, and, thus, it projects into the cage andaccomplishes a greater raising of the ball 24 than would be possible ifits diameter were less.

The device includes the pump and the valve assembly. They may betogether in a single housing, as shown, or they may be in separatehousings, as shown. The control valve and the automatic bypass valve areshown as present in both forms of the device. The automatic bypass valvemay, however, be omitted, if desired, from either form of the device.The operation of the control valve is distinct from the operation orpresence of the automatic bypass valve.

The operation thus far described applies to the parts when assembled asshown. Since, as above noted, the device finds one important use as adriving means for hydraulic mechanisms carried by trucks or otherautomotive vehicles, it will frequently be driven through the powertake-off of the vehicle engine. Such power take-offs in some mechanismof vehicles rotate in one direction and, in other mechanisms, rotate inthe opposite direction, and means are provided in the structure of thepresent invention to permit operation of the pump by rotation in eitherdirection. The low-pressure side ll of the pump is always thelow-pressure side, and the highpressure side 5 of the pump is always thehigh-pressure side. With the parts as shown, rotation of the drivingshaft 32 is in counterclockwise direction, and it may be assumed thatthe power take-off drive connected to this shaft is in counter-clockwisedirection. If the power take-off drive be in clockwise direction, someadjustment must be made to permit the rotation 9 of the gears in properdirection to discharge the fluid under pressure into the high-pressureside 5. This may be accomplished in a number of Ways. The one shown isas follows:

The cover plates 9 and 30 are removed from the pump and the pump body isrotated through 180 degrees and the cover plates are then reattached tothe pump body. This is, in effect, to reverse the cover plates from thepositions shown in Figures 1 and 4 so that the cover plate 9 lies on theleft-hand side of the pump housing I and the cover plate 36 lies on therighthand side of the housing I. In that position, the passages 42 and43 are blocked at their outer ends by the cover plate 9 or the gasketpositioned between it and the housing I. This also closes or blocks thepassages 44 and 45. However, the branch passages 42 and 43 are thusbrought into communication, respectively, with the passages M and e5 andthis rearrangement of the parts still provides a system of passagesthrough which high-pressure fluid from the high-pressure side 5 reachesthe ball valve 4? and, if the pressure is sufiicient to raise that valveand the plunger type valve 48, high-pressure fluid will be bypassedthrough the branch 43 the valves '4'! and 48, and finally through thebranch 4-2 into the low-pressure side 4. Thus, means are provided topermit the relative arrangement of the pump housing and cover plates sothat, without the addition or substitution of any parts, thatarrangement may be selected which provides a proper adjustment to permitdriving of the pump from a power take-01f or other driving means whichoperates either counter-clockform of Figures 10 to 13, inclusive, issubstam tially the same as that shown in the earlier figures in whichthe valves are positioned Within the pump housing instead of beingpositioned within a separate valve housing. The rotary valve member,including the portions It to 23, inclusive, are identical in both formsof the invention, and their operation is identical and need not beredescribed. The pressure relief valve system comprising the ball 53 andthe piston 61 are the same as those described above in connection withthe earlier figures, When pressure on the high-pressure side of thesystem becomes sufficient, the ball 63 is unseated by that pressure, andwhen it has been unseated, the closed end of the piston 67 is unseated,and this, having a greater area exposed to the high pressure than wouldthe ball 63, will be held open with a pressure less than that requiredinitially to move the ball 253 to the open posi-- tion. Once the ball 63and piston El have been opened, pressure is relieved through the passage65, past the seat 64 and through the cylindrical cavity 56 and finallythrough the passage 73. So long as the pressure on the high-pressureside of the system remains sur'ficiently high to hold the piston valvee1 open, pressure is re- .lieved .from the high-pressure side to thelowmay bepositioned anywhere in the system which Iii will normallyinclude a pump, a member to be operated by fiuid pressure and thenecessary conduits. The member operated by the fluid pressure willfrequently comprise a piston and cylinder assembly, and. these are notshown herewith as the invention is not limited to any particular designof piston and cylinder assembly.

In the modified form of Figure 14, both gear shafts 32 and ii extendoutwardly from the pump body. To permit this, the cover plate 14 issubstituted for the cover plate 39, and two passages are providedthrough members 15 and it for the shafts 32 and M respectively. The samebearing and packing means, as shown in Figure 1 and described inconnection with that figure, are also used in connection with the formof Figure 14. For that reason these parts will not be re-described inconnection with that figure. The purpose of the construction of Figure1%, as pointed out above, is to provide two shafts, each extendingoutwardly from the pump casing, and each of which may be driven by thepower take-off shaft. If one shaft is driven the pump will operate inone direction, and if the other shaft is driven the pump will operate inthe opposite direction. Thus, by the use of a selected shaft, the pumpmay be driven from a previously installed power take-off to operateeither clockwise or counterclockwise.

We claim:

1. In combination in a housing member, said housing member shaped todefine a low and a high pressure passage, a ball check valve positionedto control the passage of high pressure fiuid outwardly through saidhigh. pressure passage, said housing being shaped to provide acommunication between said high and said low pressure passages, saidcommunication including a plurality of openings, a rotary valve memberpositioned to control said openings, a shaft for said rotary valvemember, a part on said shaft adapted in one position to raise said ballcheck valve from its seat, and spring means biased to hold said rotaryvalve member in contact with the member in which said openings areformed.

2. In combination in a housing member, said housing member shaped todefine a low and a high pressure passage, a ball check valve positionedto control the passage of high pressure fluid outwardly through saidhigh pressure passage, said housing being shaped to provide acommunication between said high and said low pressure passages, saidcommunication including a plurality of openings, a rotary valve memberpositioned to control said openings, a shaft for said rotary valvemember, a part on said shaft adapted in one position to raise said ballcheck valve from its seat and to penetrate inwardly beyond its seat, andspring means biased to hold said rotary valve member in contact with themember in which said openings are formed.

3. In combination, a housing member, said housing member shaped todefine a low and a high pressure passage, a ball check valve positionedto control the passage of high pressure fiuid outwardly through saidhigh pressure passage, a seat for said check valve, said housing beingshaped to provide a communication between said high and low pressurepassages, said communication including a plurality of openings, a rotaryvalve member positioned to control said openings, a shaft for saidrotary valve member, a part on said shaft adapted in one position toextend inwardly beyond said check valve seat and to raise said ballcheck valve from its seat, means adapted to hold said rotary valvemember in contact with the member in which said openings are formed, apassage joining said high and low pressure passages, a plurality ofvalve member positioned in said passage, said last mentioned valvemembers comprising a ball, a spring member and a plunger, said plungerbeing normally in contact with said ball and said spring member beingeffective to urge said plunger and said ball to passage closingposition.

4. In combination, a housing member, a low and a high pressure passagethrough said housing, a ball check valve positioned in said highpressure passage, a seat therefor, a second passage leading from saidhigh pressure passage to said low pressure passage, a member positionedin said second passage being provided with a plurality of openings, avalve positioned adjacent said member to close said openings, a shaftfor rotating said valve to move it to open or closed position, and apart on said shaft adapted, when suitably positioned, to contact saidfirst mentioned ball check valve, to extend inwardly beyond its seat andto move said valve in the opening direction.

5. In combination in a pump, a housing member shaped to provide apumping chamber and fluid ducts, a pair of meshing gears positionedtherein, an inlet and an outlet passage communicating with said pumpchamber, a pair of cover plates adapted to be attached to and to closesaid housing, a bypass valve positioned to bypass fluid from the highpressure side to the low pressure side of said pump, said bypassincluding a fixed ported member, a rotary shaft, a valve member carriedby said shaft in contact with said ported member at all positions ofrotation of said shaft, and means for adjusting said shaft to adjustsaid second valve member into desired position.

6. In combination in a pump, a housing member shaped to provide apumping chamber and fluid ducts, a pair of meshing gears positionedtherein, an inlet and an outlet passage communicating with said pumpchamber, a pair of cover plates adapted to be attached to and adapted toclose said housing, a bypass positioned to bypass fluid from the highpressure side to the low pressure side of said pump, said bypassincluding a fixed ported member having a flat face, a rotary shaft, avalve member having a flat face and carried by said shaft in contactwith the flat face of said ported member at all positions of rotation ofsaid shaft, and means for adjusting said shaft to adjust said secondvalve member into desired position.

7. In combination in a pump, a housing member shaped to provide apumping chamber and fluid ducts, a pair of meshing gears positionedtherein, an inlet and an outlet passage communicating with said pumpchamber, a pair of cover plates adapted to be attached to and adapted toclose said housing, a bypass valve positioned to bypass fluid from thehigh pressure side to the low pressure side of said pump, said bypassincluding a fixed ported member, a rotary shaft, a valve member carriedby said shaft in contact with said ported member, means for adjustingsaid shaft to adjust said second valve member into desired position, anda ball check valve positioned on the pressure side of said pump housing,said rotary valve adjusting means provided with a part to contact saidball in a suitable position of adjustment to raise the same.

8. In combination in a pump, a housing member shaped to provide apumping chamber and fluid ducts, a pair of meshing gears positionedtherein, an inlet and an outlet passage communicating with said pumpchamber, a pair of cover plates adapted to be attached to and adapted toclose said housing, a pressure relief passage formed in one of saidclosure plates, said pressure relief passage formed in said cover platebeing so disposed that it will communicate with the same fluid ductswhen fastened to either side of the pump housing, a bypass valvepositioned to bypass fluid from the high pressure side to the lowpressure side of said pump, said bypass including a Xed ported member, arotary shaft, a valve member carried by said shaft in contact with saidported member, means for adjusting said shaft to adjust said secondvalve member into desired position, and a ball check valve positioned onthe pressure side of said pump housing, said rotary valve adjustingmeans provided with a part to contact said ball in a suitable positionof adjustment to raise the same.

9. In combination in a pump, a main housing member, said housing membershaped to define a pumping chamber, a low and high pressure passagecommunicating with said pump chamber, a ball check valve positioned tocontro1 the passage of high pressure fluid outwardly through said highpressure passage, said pump housing being shaped to provide acommunication between said high and said low pressure passages, saidcommunication including a plurality of openings, a rotary valve memberpositioned to control said openings, a shaft for said rotary valvemember, a part on said shaft adapted in one position to raise said ballcheck valve from its seat, closure means for closing said housingmember, a pair of meshing gears positioned in said pump chamber, shaftssupporting said gears, and spring means biased to hold said rotary valvemember in contact with the member in which said openings are formed.

10. In combination in a pump, a main housing member, said housing membershaped to define a pumping chamber, a low and a high pressure passagecommunicating with said pump chamber, a ball check valve positioned tocontrol the passage of high pressure fluid outwardly through said highpressure passage, a seat for said check valve, said pump housing beingshaped to provide a communication between said high and low pressurepassages, said communication including a plurality of openings, a rotaryvalve member positioned to control said openings, a shaft for saidrotary valve member, a part on said shaft adapted in one position toextend inwardly beyond said check valve seat and to raise said ballcheck valve from its seat, a pair of cover plates adapted to bepositioned on said housing member, a pair of meshing gears positioned insaid pump chamber, shafts supporting said gears, one of said shaftsextending through a cover plate, means biased to hold said rotary valvemember in contact with the member in which said openings are formed, apassage joining said high and low pressure passages, a plurality ofvalve members positioned in said passage, said last mentioned valvemembers comprising a ball, a spring member and a plunger, said plungerbeing normally in contact with said ball and said spring member beingeffective to urge said ball and plunger one toward the other to closesaid passage.

11. In combination in a pump, a main housing member, a plurality ofcover plates adapted removably to be positioned upon said housing memberand forming with said housing member a pump chamber, a low and a highpressure passage to and from said chamber, a pair of meshing gearspositioned within said pump chamber, a ball check valve positioned insaid high pressure passage, a seat therefor, a second passage leadingfrom said high pressure passage to said low pressure passage, a memberpositioned in said second passage being provided with a plurality ofopenings, a valve positioned adjacent said member to close saidopenings, a shaft for rotating said valve to move it to open or closedposition, and a part on said shaft adapted, when suitably positioned, tocontact said first mentioned ball check valve, to extend inwardly beyondits seat and to move said valve in the opening direction.

12. In combination in a pump, a main housing member, said housing Inamber shaped to define a pumping chamber, a low and a high pressurepassage communicating with said pump chamber, said pump housing beingshaped to provide a communication between said high and low pressurepassages, said communication including a plurality of openings, a rotaryvalve member positioned to control said openings, a shaft for saidrotary valve member, closure means closing said housing member, a pairof meshing gears positioned in said pump chamber, shafts supporting saidgears, and means biased to hold said rotary valve member in contact withthe member in which said openings are formed, a check valve positionedon the discharge side of said pump and comprising a member and a seattherefor, a part on said valve shaft shaped and dimensioned in oneposition of adjustment to extend inwardly beyond said seat and to raisesaid valve member.

13. In combination in a housing member, said housing member shaped todefine a low and a high pressure passage, a check valve positioned tocontrol the passage of high pressure fluid outwardly through said highpressure passage, said housing being shaped to provide a communicationbetween said high and said low pressure passages, said communicationincluding a plurality of openings, a rotary valve member positioned tocontrol said openings, a shaft for said rotary valve member, a part onsaid shaft adapted in one position to raise said check valve from itsseat.

14. In combination in a housing member having a high and low pressurepassage therein, a

check valve having a, movable member and posil tioned to control thepassage of hi h pressure fluid outwardly through said high passage, saidhousing being shaped to provide a communication between said high andsaid low pressure passages, said communication including an opening, arotary valve member positioned to control said opening, a shaft for saidrotary valve member, a check valve-opening member associated with saidshaft and adapted on rotation of said shaft to contact said movablecheck valve member and to open said check valve.

15. In combination in a housing member, said housing member shaped todefine a low and high pressure passage, a check valve positioned tocontrol the passage of high pressure fluid outwardly through said highpressure passage, said housing being shaped to provide a communicationbetween said high and said low pressure passages, said communicationincluding an opening, a rotary valve member positioned to control saidopening, a shaft for said rotary valve member, a part on 14 said shaftadapted in one position to raise said check valve from its seat and topenetrate inwardly beyond its seat.

16. In combination in a housing member, said housing member shaped todefine a low and a high pressure passage, a check valve positioned tocontrol the passage of high pressure fluid outwardly through said highpressure passage, said housing being shaped to provide a communicationbetween said high and said loW pressure passages, said communicationincluding a plurality of openings, a rotary valve member positioned tocontrol said openings, a shaft for said rotary valve member, a part onsaid shaft adapted in one position to raise said check valve from itsseat, and means associated with said housing and with said shaft to holdsaid rotary valve member in contact with the member in which saidopenings are formed.

17. In combination in a housing member usable in pumps and the like,said housing being shaped to define a low and a high pressure passage,the combination therewith of additional passage means positioned toplace said high and low pressure passages in communication one with theother, a shaft rotatably mounted in said housing, a rotary valve memberrotatable with said shaft and having a portion rotatable into positionto close said additional passage, and positioning means associated withsaid housing in said shaft for preventing linear movement of said shaftand rotary member while permitting rotation thereof.

18. In combination in a pump, a main housing member, said housing memberbeing shaped to define a pumping chamber, a low and a high pressurepassage communicating with said pump chamber, said pump housing beingshaped to provide a communication between said high and said lowpressure passages, a rotary valve member positioned for rotation in saidhousing to control said communication, a shaft for said rotary valvemember, positioning means for preventing linear movement of said shaftand valve member during said rotation, closure means for closing saidhousing member, a pair of meshing gears positioned in said pump chamber,and shafts supporting said gears, said shafts extending through andoutwardly beyond the outer face of a closure means.

19. In combination in a pump, a main housing member, said housing membershaped to define a pumping chamber, a low and a high pressure passagecommunicating with said pump chamber, said pump housing being shaped toprovide a communication between said high and said low pressurepassages, said communication including a plurality of openings, a rotaryvalve member mounted in said housing for rotational, nonlinear movementtherein, to control said openings, a shaft for said rotary valve member,closure means for closing said housing member, a pair of meshing gearspositioned in said pump chamber, a shaft supporting each of said gears,each of said shafts extending through said closure means, and meansadapted to hold said rotary valve member in contact with the member inwhich said openings are formed.

20. In combination, a housing for pumps and the like, said housing beingshaped to provide an inlet and an outlet passage, 2. bt -pass positionedto bypass fiuid between said passages, said bypass including a fixedported member having a face portion surrounding the port therein, arotary shaft in said housing, a valve member having a face conforming tosaid face of said ported member and carried by said shaft in con-References Cited: in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS NameDate Fellows et al. June '7, 1938 Number Number 16 Name Date TweddellJuly 12, 1938 Petersen Oct. 4, 1938 Kleeknei' Sept. 23, 1941 VertsonAug. 4, 1942 Herman Feb. 2, 1943 Gray Dec. 2, 1947 Mefierd Jan. 6, 1948Lapsley Jan. 6, 1948 Schmiel Dec. 21, 1948 Murphy Sept. 2'7, 1949

